Taking steps to boost brain function is a top priority for many of us, especially later in life. Up until about two decades ago, it was widely believed that humans could only produce new brain cells up to a certain age. But research has shown that the brain is capable of changing throughout our entire lives – growing new cells, forming connections, and even increasing in size.
Studies also suggest that we can boost our brain power by regularly exercising our minds – and that certain activities could help to stall the onset of dementia for up to five years. Just as we work to maintain our physical health, brain exercises are important for boosting memory, concentration, and focus.
So, which exercises offer the best brain-boosting benefits? From practising Tai Chi to drawing a map of your town from memory, here are nine science-backed activities that can help keep your mind sharp.
1. Practise a healthy lifestyle
Before exploring different activities that can boost brain function, it’s important to address the importance of practising an overall healthy lifestyle. If you want to look after your mind, you have to take care of your body too.
Time and time again, research has shown that people who engage in healthy behaviours – including exercise and eating a healthy diet – are at lower risk of cognitive decline. This includes being active, eating a balanced diet, and avoiding unhealthy habits such as excessive alcohol consumption and smoking.
This study, which analysed the lifestyle behaviours of men over the course of 30 years, found that those who practised healthy behaviours were around 60% less likely to experience cognitive decline and dementia as they aged.
Plus, research has shown that engaging in just 45 minutes of exercise three times a week actually increases the volume of the brain, helping people to perform significantly better at exercises involving planning, scheduling, and multitasking.
You’ll find plenty of healthy lifestyle ideas in the fitness and exercise and diet and nutrition sections of our website. You can also read more about the link between exercise and brain health in our article; How exercise can lead to better brain health.
2. Try using your non-dominant hand
It’s interesting to think about the distinct abilities of our left and right hands. How is it that we can use one for everything but often struggle to write a single word with the other?
In his book, Keep Your Brain Alive: 83 Neurobic Exercises to Help Prevent Memory Loss and Increase Mental Fitness, neurobiologist Lawrence Katz recommends non-dominant hand exercises to strengthen the mind.
This study found that after 10 days of writing exercises, 89% of subjects experienced increased speed, accuracy, and smoothness in their non-dominant hands. Researchers concluded that this was a result of the new neural pathways that the exercises had created in the brain.
There’s a few simple ways to exercise the non-dominant hand. These include writing your name, drawing straight lines, completing daily tasks like brushing your teeth or your hair, buttering toast, and using a computer mouse – all with your non-dominant hand.
Remember, it’ll probably feel extremely unnatural and time consuming to begin with, but that’s exactly the point. The difficulty is evidence of how much these exercises will be testing your brain.
3. Practise mindfulness and meditation
It’s often assumed that meditation and mindfulness are the same thing, but they differ. While meditation is focused on gaining a healthy sense of perspective and learning to observe your feelings without judgement; mindfulness is about living in the present moment and engaging your different senses fully. However, both can be beneficial for keeping your brain healthy.
Not only can mindfulness and meditation create a sense of calm and reduce stress and anxiety, but they can also boost memory and increase the brain’s ability to process information.
Research suggests that regularly engaging in these practices can create new neural pathways, resulting in better observational skills and mental flexibility. It’s also been shown to improve focus, attention, empathy, and even immunity.
Meditation and mindfulness are skills that can take a while to become use to. However, with practise, they can be incorporated into your daily routine as a way to boost brain function – for example, through exercises like mindful eating.
For more information, have a read of our Introduction to mindfulness, or why not sign up to a mindfulness meditation on Rest Less Events?
4. Draw a map of your town from memory
Research has shown that drawing is more effective than reading or writing when it comes to keeping the mind sharp. This is because drawing is an active – rather than passive – exercise which requires people to process information in multiple ways.
Drawing is a powerful way to boost memory and has been shown to increase people’s recall by more than double.
One way to reap the benefits of drawing is to create a map of your local area from memory – including all major streets, smaller side streets, and local landmarks. You might feel like you know your neighbourhood pretty well, but it can be surprising just how much you miss.
If you find this too easy, why not challenge yourself by drawing somewhere less familiar? For example, a map of Europe or of the American states.
5. Listen to music or learn to play an instrument
The benefits of music are well-documented. Not only is listening to or playing music enjoyable, but it can also help to keep the mind sharp by increasing memory function, boosting IQ, and improving academic performance.
Plus, as well as having a direct impact on brain health, music also reduces various risk factors that are linked with cognitive decline. For example, music can reduce stress and anxiety, improve sleep quality, and enhance sports performance – all of which, if neglected, can negatively impact brain function.
Learning to play an instrument has been shown to be highly effective in keeping the mind sharp. For inspiration on how to get started, have a read of our article; 7 musical talents that are easier for adults to learn.
Alternatively, check out our articles, 12 benefits of introducing more music into your life and How to get involved with music from home, for more ideas.
6. Take up Tai Chi
General exercise is important for brain health, but Tai Chi is thought to be particularly effective when it comes to maintaining mental sharpness. Tai Chi can help to boost sleep quality, reduce stress and anxiety, and improve memory. It’s also a great way to refocus your mind when life feels out of balance.
In fact, this study found that long-term Tai Chi practise can lead to structural changes in the brain and increase brain volume. Other research has shown that Tai Chi can improve memory and executive functioning skills – including time management, multitasking, decision making, and concentration.
And compared with other forms of exercise, Tai Chi has been found to be more effective at slowing the progression of dementia.
Tai Chi is also fun, low-impact, and accessible. Once you’ve learnt the basics, you’ll be able to practise Tai Chi anywhere, at any time. To help you get started, have a read of our beginner’s guide to Tai Chi, or join Tai Chi and meditation instructor J.T. Turner for weekly Tai Chi classes on Rest Less Events.
7. Learn a new language
Research has identified a strong link between learning a new language and improved cognitive ability. This is largely because learning, remembering, and recalling grammar and vocabulary requires engagement from several different brain areas and improves connectivity between them.
In fact, the language learning process is thought to be capable of delaying the risk of dementia by up to five years. And studies have suggested that learning a new language can actually make your brain bigger.
Alongside its positive impact on brain health, being bilingual can expose you to different cultures and ideas, and open new opportunities in both your personal and work life.
If you’re unsure what language to learn, hopefully you’ll feel inspired by our articles; 9 most spoken languages to consider learning and 6 languages that are easier for English speakers to learn. It’s also worth considering learning British Sign Language, which, although widely used, is often overlooked as an option.
You may also like to browse upcoming language courses, classes, and discussion groups on Rest Less Events to help you start your language learning journey.
8. Learn a new skill or craft
Learning a new skill is not only fun and interesting, but it can also improve mental sharpness. Learning something new requires the use of various skills like short and long-term memory, concentration, and attention to detail. These functions stimulate brain cells and cause more neural pathways to form.
For example, activities such as quilting may not initially seem very mentally challenging, but for beginners, learning the process can be complex.
This study of people aged between 60 and 90 found that those who learned a new skill for 15 hours a week for three months had significant improvements in memory function. Experts found that this was down to the mental challenge and unfamiliarity of the skill.
If you want some ideas of new skills you can learn, you might want to visit the learning section of our website. Here, you’ll find introductory guides to skills like painting, carpentry, calligraphy, photography, and birdwatching.
9. Walk, cycle, or drive a new route
It’s easy to get stuck on autopilot mode when it comes to our daily routines – we rarely change the route we take to work or the supermarket, for example.
However, research has shown that switching up your walking, driving, or cycling routes can quite literally expand your brain – specifically the hippocampus, which is the area associated with memory and emotion. An enhanced hippocampus can help to protect your memory and improve mental sharpness.
Other benefits of taking new routes include becoming a more attentive driver. For example, have you ever zoned out while driving because you know the route so well? You might also discover new places that you never knew existed, such as a nice restaurant or park.
Final thoughts…
Maintaining mental sharpness is a top priority for many of us, especially later in life.
Just as we exercise to take care of our physical health, it’s important to stimulate our minds to look after our brain health. And, luckily, research has identified various activities that can be effective in helping to keep the mind sharp throughout life. From changing up your walking route to taking the time to learn a new skill, chances are, you’ll reap benefits far beyond mental stimulation itself too.
For further reading, head over to the healthy mind and learning sections of our website.
What do you do to help sharpen your mind? Have you got any other activities that aren’t on our list? We’d love to hear from you in the comments below.